The dust causes hazy skies and colorful sunrises and sunsets, but can also lead to a trip to the hospital for some people.
AUSTIN, Texas — Most summers, dust from the Saharan Desert makes its way into Central Texas and creates beautiful sunrises and sunsets. But the dust can also create health problems for some people with lung conditions.
Just the size of the Sahara Desert in Africa is impressive – 3.6 million square miles, roughly the size of the United States.
Saharan dust reaches the U.S. after being carried across the Atlantic Ocean by trade winds from the North African desert. The dust is typically lifted into the atmosphere by strong storms, especially during the summer months. These winds can carry millions of tons of dust into the air, where it can reach altitudes of up to 15,000 feet.
It’s what’s inside the massive dust cloud that is a health concern. It consists of fine particulate matter, including minerals, heavy metals and allergens.
The health effects of Saharan dust exposure are particularly pronounced for people with pre-existing respiratory conditions, such as asthma or chronic bronchitis. The tiny dust particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream.
This can make respiratory problems worse and lead to inflammation, and worsen cardiovascular conditions.
To mitigate these health effects, experts say that several preventive measures can be taken:
- Keeping track of air quality reports helps people take appropriate precautions.
- During high dust periods, it is advisable to stay indoors and keep windows and doors closed.
- Staying hydrated helps keep respiratory passages moist and less susceptible to irritation.
Doctors say by adopting these measures, the health risks associated with Saharan dust can be significantly reduced.